Identifying the Leading City for Urban Development Through Nature-Based and Cultural Tourism: A Comparative Study Between Padang and Bukittinggi Based on the Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) Approachng and Bukittinggi Based on the Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) Approach. JPP 2025, 9 (2), 167-186. https://doi.org/10.36574/jpp.v9i2.697.